Fusaria and Fusarium mycotoxins in leaves and ears of maize plants 2. A time course study made in the Waikato region, New Zealand, in 1997.
LAUREN, D.R. and DIMENNA, M.E.
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 27: 215-223.
1999
บทคัดย่อ
The patterns of fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in leaf and ear sections of plants of two maize hybrids, one resistant to mycotoxin accumulation under New Zealand conditions (Pioneer 3902 (P3902)) and one less so (Pioneer 3751 (P3751)), have been measured. Fusarium in fection was evident in ears of P3902 from March to April, although heavy infection by the toxigenic species tended to occur later towards May – June, especially for the basal ear fractions. For P3751 ear infection commenced in May, and then was predominantly by toxigenic species. Mycotoxins were found in most plant fractions measured, especially as the plants aged. The highest mycotoxin concentration in a leaf fraction was 16.6 mg/kg of ZEA in an upper leaf axil sample. Nivalenol (NIV) was also found at up to 73.4 mg/kg in leaf axils. The most contaminated ear fraction was the rachis, with over 40-95 mg/kg of ZEA, NIV or deoxynivalenol (DON) at various times. The highest concentration found in kernels was 3.8 mg/kg of DON found in apical kernels of P3751 two weeks before harvest. The results suggest that the mechanisms of maize infection by Fusarium in New Zealand may not be controlled by factors at silk emergence but rather by later season events such as high rainfall and warmer temperatures.