The occurrence of toxigenic Fusarium fungi in grain of winter rye and triticale as affected by fungicide use
A. Mankevicˇiene, I. Gaurilcˇikiene and S. Suproniene.
Journal of Plant Pathology Volume 90 (2, Supplement) August 2008, Book of Abstract, 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology, August 24-29, 2008 Torino,Italy,. 507 pages.
2008
บทคัดย่อ
The occurrence of toxigenic Fusarium fungi in grain of winter rye and triticale as affected by fungicide use
Experiments conducted at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture in 2004 were designed to investigate the contamination of grain of winter rye ‘Duoniai’ and triticale ‘Tornado’ withFusariumfungi and mycotoxins produced by them, as affected by spraying the crops with the fungicides propiconazole, tebuconazole, and azoxistrobine at the beginning of anthesis (BBCH 63).We analysed winter rye and triticale grain sampes forFusariumspecies composition, and in rye grain we detectedF. avenaceum(Fr.) Sacc,F. sporotrichioidesSherb.,F. poae(Peck) Wollenw,F. culmorum(W. G. Sm.)Sacc.,F. graminearumSchwabe,F. solani(Mart.) Sacc.,F. incarnatum(Desm.)Sacc.AndF. sambucinumFuckel.In triticale grain we detectedF. culmorum,F. poaeandF. heterosporumNees. The grain samples from winter rye plots sprayed with azoxistrobine were the most heavily affected byFusarium(42.5%) and the highest contents of DON (691μg kg-1) and T-2 toxin (153.6μg kg-1) were identified in them. In the control treatment only 18.3% of grains were affected byFusariumand lower contents of DON (69μg kg-1) and T-2 toxin (22.8μg kg-1) were determined. Tebuconazole reduced the amountofFusarium-affected grain by 14.3%, but had no effect on mycotoxin production. Propiconazole and azoxistrobine had no effect on the spread ofFusariumin triticale grain; however, tebuconazole reduced the amount of theFusarium-contaminated grain from 5.8 to 1.5%. The grain of triticale not sprayed with fungicides was more heavily contaminated with DON (427μg kg-1).