Effect of biocontrol agents on accumulation of patulin by Penicillium expansum in different apple cultivars
D. Spadaro, S. Frati, A. Garibaldi and M.L. Gullino.
Journal of Plant Pathology Volume 90 (2, Supplement) August 2008, Book of Abstract, 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology, August 24-29, 2008 Torino,Italy,. 507 pages.
2008
บทคัดย่อ
Effect of biocontrol agents on accumulation of patulin by Penicillium expansum in different apple cultivars
Patulin is a secondary metabolite produced by different fungal species attacking food products, such as fruit, vegetables and cereals.The presence of patulin is usually associated with blue mould rot caused byPenicillium expansum, a post-harvest pathogen of apples and pears. Chronic health effects of patulin in rodents include genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, while its effects on humans are not yet clear. In many areas, populations ofP. expansumhave developed that are resistant to the few fungicides admitted in the postharvest environment, so that alternative practices, such as biocontrol using antagonistic microorganisms could become important. Different biocontrol agents were evaluated for their capacity to reduceP. expansumattacks on apples, and their effect on patulin concentration in the final juice. The parts of the fruit attacked by the pathogen were analysed for patulin content, through extraction with ethyl acetate, purification with SPE columns and HPLC-DAD detection. Experiments were done with different apple cultivars, and cv Golden deliciousappearedtobe the most susceptible. Trials were carried out in controlled conditions, storing fruits at 20±1°C for 7 days or at 4±1°C for 28 days and later at 20±1°C for 7 days. Some strains of the yeastMetschnikowia pulcherrimasignificantly reducedP. expansumdevelopment.We will continue to research the mechanisms involved in biocontrol of patulin content.