บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

หมวดหมู่ : ฐานข้อมูลงานวิจัย

Temperature and controlled atmosphere effects on efficacy of Muscodor albus as a biofumigant

Wendy C. Schotsmans, Gordon Braun, Peter Harrison, and Robert Prange

Abstracts of 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition (IHC 2006), August 13-19, 2006, COEX (Convention & Exhibition), Seoul, Korea. 494 pages.

2006

บทคัดย่อ

Temperature and controlled atmosphere effects on efficacy of Muscodor albus as a biofumigant

The demand for non-chemical fumigation techniques is increasing rapidly.On the o­ne hand this is to accommodate the increasing organic industry.On the other hand more and more fungicides are either no longer allowed for post harvest treatment due to toxicological risks or are no longer effective.The latter is a result of the emergence of fungicide resistant populations of storage pathogens due to repeated use of certain fungicides.Recent research has focussed o­n the potential for certain fungi to act as biofumigants and the volatile-producing endophytic fungus Muscodor albus was shown to inhibit or kill all tested postharvest pathogens in vitro and control postharvest infection of apples, peaches and citrus.Since many fruit are stored in a controlled atmosphere environment, the activity of M. albus against four fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Phythophthora erythroseptica) was investigated at three controlled atmosphere conditions (air (20.8% O2 + 0.03% CO2), decreased O2 (1% O2 + 0.03% CO2), increased CO2 (20.8% O2 + 15% CO2)) at high (20°C) and low (3°C) temperature. At 20°C, 48 h exposure to M. albus completely inhibited all four fungal pathogens in all atmospheres. P. erythroseptica was the o­nly pathogen completely suppressed at 3°C, in all three atmospheres with a similar exposure time whereas the other fungi were o­nly partially controlled.Growth of B. cinerea and P. expansum was decreased at 3°C in high CO2, compared with the other two atmospheres, but efficacy of M. albus was also lower at 3°C in high CO2, indicating a high CO2 concentration might suppress growth and/or volatile production of M. albus.Longer exposure (96 h) improved control by M. albus for S. sclerotiorum but not for B. cinerea and P. expansum.In conclusion, M. albus appears to be a promising alternative for chemical fumigation but more research into temperature and atmosphere composition efficacy is warranted.