NAC transcription factors SNAC4 and SNAC9 synergistically regulate tomato fruit ripening by affecting expression of genes involved in ethylene and abscisic acid metabolism and signal transduction
Sen Yang. Jiaqian Zhou, Christopher B. Watkins, Caie Wu, Yanchun Feng, Xiaoyang Zhao, Zhaohui Xue and Xiaohong Kou
Postharvest Biology and Technology, Volume 178, August 2021, 111555
2021
บทคัดย่อ
NAC (NAM, ATF1/2 and CUC2) is a transcription factor that can regulate many physiological and biochemical reactions in plants. Two NAC genes, SNAC4 (NM_001279348.2) and SNAC9 (NM_001365397.1), with similar secondary structures have been isolated from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The pattern of SNAC4/9 co-regulation of tomato ripening with abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene through yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays has revealed that SNAC4/9 can interact with genes related to ABA and ethylene (SAPK3, SlPYL9, SlAREB1, SlACS2 and SlACO1) at the protein level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and yeast one-hybrid showed that SNAC4, but not SNAC9, acts directly on the promoter regions of SAPK3, SlCYP707A1, SlACS8 and SlACO6 and can activates them. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR analyses of SNAC4/9-silenced fruit obtained by virus-induced gene silencing, and phytohormone-treated fruit, confirmed that the interaction genes are regulated by SNAC4/9 and thereby affect fruit ripening. In summary, we found that SNAC4/9 can regulate fruit ripening by positively acting on key genes in the synthesis and signal transduction of ABA and ethylene. SNAC4/9 cooperates with these phytohormones as part of the tomato fruit ripening regulatory network.