Franklin Kidd, Charles West and F.F. Blackman: The start of modern postharvest physiology
George G. Laties
Postharvest Biology and Technology Vol: 5 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 1-10.
1995
บทคัดย่อ
In 1924, in the course of a study of postharvest behavior of apples in cold storage, Franklin Kidd and Charles West recognized and named the ripening-associated respiration phenomenon thereafter known as the climacteric. At the same time, F.F. Blackman launched upon an extended investigation of the influence of oxygen tension both on the course of respiration and on the extent of glycolysis and fermentation in cold-stored fruit. Blackman postulated a dual role of oxygen, one effect being on primary substrate mobilization, and the other on the activity of the terminal oxidase. Whereas the slow prolonged downward metabolic drift in stored fruit was deemed a starvation phenomenon, the climacteric during the so-called senescence phase was thought to be caused by a lowering of tissue "organization resistance", a term coined by F.F. Blackman. In subsequent years others recognized ethylene as the causative agent in the initiation of the climacteric, while an oxygen-sensitive feedback system was postulated to be responsible for the fundamental control of respiration rate of oxygen concentrations in excess of that saturating the terminal oxidase.