บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

หมวดหมู่ : ฐานข้อมูลงานวิจัย

Agriculture, agroforestry and livestock husbandry: international agricultural research centres, regional and international cooperation, transfer of results.

Sasson, A.;

Feeding tomorrow's world. Year: 1990 Pages: 533-606

1990

บทคัดย่อ

Agriculture, agroforestry and livestock husbandry: international agricultural research centres, regional and international cooperation, transfer of results.

International Agricultural Research Centres were created, and regional and international cooperation programmes have been implemented, mainly since the late 1950s, aimed at developing agriculture, agroforestry and livestock husbandry in tropical and subtropical countries. This chapter considers their status, funding and allocation of budget resources, their overall and regional policies, and new trends and approaches. The work is then summarized of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines, the Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT) in Mexico, the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) in Colombia, the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) based in Ibadan, Nigeria, and in particular the Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP) in Lima, Peru, concerned with species diversity and extension of potato cultivation in temperate and tropical regions. The work of ICRISAT, ILRAD, ILCA, IBPGR, ICARDA and WARDA is also briefly covered. Current research programmes in agroforestry are highlighted, looking at shifting cultivation and combined production systems, agroforestry systems (agrisilviculture, and community or social agroforestry), the utilization of leguminous tree species and the economic analysis of such systems. The transfer of research results is discussed with examples of preservation of agricultural products, in particular the drying, storage and milling of grains, conservation of vegetables and fruit, and the processing of foodstuffs presented to highlight the importance of improving rather than replacing the local techniques of preservation and processing of foodstuffs.