Differences in free and protein-bound tyrosine among potato genotypes and the relationship to internal blackspot resistance.
Corsini, D. L.; Pavek, J. J.; Dean, B.;
American Potato Journal Year: 1992 Vol: 69 Issue: 7 Pages: 423-435 Ref: 20 ref.
1992
บทคัดย่อ
Twelve potato clones were selected to represent the full range of internal blackspot (which occurs as a result of bruising during handling) response in order to determine the relationships between tuber protein, free tyrosine and blackspot susceptibility. The blackspot reaction for each clone was consistent over 5 growing seasons, including tubers grown over a normal season (mature), and short season (immature) during one year. The blackspot index, determined by either an abrasive peel test or an impact bruise test, was highly correlated with the tyrosine content of the tubers (r = 0.90 for the means of each clone over 5 location-years). Tubers with free tyrosine levels below 4 micro mole/g dry weight consistently showed a resistant blackspot response. The relationship between tyrosine and blackspot susceptibility was also found in stolon and bud ends from 5 of the clones which represented the extremes of blackspot reaction and genetic diversity. Bud end samples of each of the clones had lower tyrosine content and a corresponding reduction in blackspot compared with stolon ends. Phenols, other than tyrosine, showed no consistent relationship to the blackspot reaction. There was a very high negative correlation between free tyrosine and estimated protein-bound tyrosine. R values ranged from -0.85 to -0.97 for mature tubers of the 12 clones over 4 growing seasons. Total tyrosine (free, plus protein-bound) remained relatively constant. There were no significant differences in mean total tyrosine content among the 12 clones over 5 location-years of testing; and there were no significant differences among the 5 growing seasons except for the short season (immature) tubers which were 14% lower in total tyrosine content. These results indicate a constant level of total tyrosine production in the 12 clones studied, that represented diverse genetic backgrounds. Mature tubers of all genotypes contained 26 + micro mole/g dry weight total tyrosine. Partitioning of tyrosine between tuber protein and the free amino acid pool varied with genotype and appeared to be a major determinate of blackspot resistance.