Strategies for the control of postharvest diseases of mango.
Lonsdale, J. H.;
Yearbook - South African Mango Growers' Association Year: 1993 Vol: 13 Pages: 109-116 Ref: 13 ref.
1993
บทคัดย่อ
The systemic fungicides benomyl, cyproconazole, prochloraz, and flusilazole plus carbendazim, applied in combination or alternated with copper oxychloride, were applied pre-harvest at monthly intervals during the 1992/93 season in South Africa on the mango cultivars Kent and Keitt. All fungicide treatments were found to give control of both anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata]) and soft brown rot (caused by Nattrassia mangiferae). No significant differences were observed, in terms of disease control, between the respective fungicide treatments. Visible spray residues on fruit at harvest were significantly lower where a systemic fungicide was applied in the final spray round instead of copper oxychloride. Various postharvest chemical treatments in combination with hot water, as well as modified atmosphere "shock" and ultraviolet (UV) / infrared (IR) irradiation treatments, were also evaluated for the control of postharvest decay in Irwin, Kent and Keitt mangoes. Hot water (50 deg C/5min) followed by an ambient dip in prochloraz (81 g a.i./100l) for 20 sec. gave effective control of anthracnose and suppressed moderate levels of soft brown rot. Imazalil (100 g a.i./100l) and guazatine (100 g a.i./100l), in combination with prochloraz, did not further improve disease control. Modified atmosphere packaging in 30% carbon dioxide, 15% oxygen for 24 hours controlled anthracnose. Packaging in high carbon dioxide atmospheres in the absence of oxygen was found to increase the incidence of soft brown rot. Exposure of fruit to IR irradiation for 1-3 minutes and/or UV irradiation for 10-30 seconds did not control decay significantly. The IR treatments were found to induce a scald symptom, particularly the 2 and 3 minute exposures.