ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Diagnosing the causes of outturn problems in imported tropical fruits.

Snowdon, A.;

Postharvest handling of tropical fruits. Proceedings of an international conference, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 19-23 July 1993. Year: 1994 Pages: 94-101 Ref: 54 ref.

1994

บทคัดย่อ

ABSTRACT

Deterioration in tropical fruit consignments may take the form of physical, physiological or pathological damage. Importers need to know whether the causes of damage can be traced to preshipment factors (such as latent infection) or to carriage conditions (such as improper temperature control which may cause chilling injury). Prompt examination of damaged cargo is essential. In addition to accurate diagnosis of the nature of deterioration, it is important to observe patterns of damage; losses are frequently due to a combination of adverse factors and may thus be the responsibility of different parties. The exporter is responsible for presenting cargo 'in good order and condition' to the carrier. The exporter should also supply carriage instructions appropriate to the commodity; these need to be accurate, succinct and unambiguous. Under the Hague Rules, a ship owner is required to exercise due diligence but is excused liability for damage arising from 'inherent vice' of the goods. It is the duty

of the importer to mitigate his losses and, depending on the case, it may fall to the cargo underwriter or the carrier's Protection and Indemnity Club to bear the loss. A proper understanding of cargo deterioration can lead to reduction of losses in the future. Three case studies are described involving transport of bananas from Panama to Antwerp, mangoes from Pakistan to Dubai and oranges from Greece to Russia (Novorossiysk).