ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Economics of residue management in agricultural tillage systems.

Harman, W. L.;

Managing agricultural residues. Year: 1994 Pages: 377-423 Ref: 209 ref.

1994

บทคัดย่อ

ABSTRACT :

This review of economic studies of residue management in agricultural tillage systems spans a period of six decades, emphasizing in particular the period from the mid-1970s to 1992 in which, following the 1973 energy price shock, significant attempts were being made in residue management research in the USA, Canada and a few other parts of the world. Residue management may involve several dimensions ranging from the common postharvest maintenance of residues by chemicals or conservation tillage to the less common production shifts to high biomass (less erosive) crops. The advantages of maintaining crop residues relate to reduced erosion and reduced energy requirements, while the disadvantages relate to increased incidence of pests and increased demands placed on management skills. The discussion of the economics of residue management is divided into two general climatic categories, humid or subhumid regions (annual rainfall of 64 cm or above) and arid or semiarid regions (annual rainfall below 6

4 cm). Economic analyses within each climatic category are presented progressing from simple enterprise budgeting to whole-farm analyses using both single and multiperiod or dynamic assessments and to complex economic risk evaluations. Aggregated on-farm costs and benefits and aggregated off-site economic impacts of residue management are also covered. In addition, estimates of the value of soil erosion losses and the benefits of reduced soil erosion in various regions of the USA are presented.