Factors involved in discoloration of fruits of the non-astringent persimmon cultivar Fuyu.
Shin, I. S.; Lee, S. K.; Park, Y. M.;
Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science Year: 1994 Vol: 35 Issue: 2 Pages: 155-164 Ref: 19 ref.
1994
บทคัดย่อ
ABSTRACT :
Fuyu fruits are susceptible to 2 distinct types of postharvest skin discoloration. Skin browning (staining) is the more severe since affected fruits eventually lose firmness and flavour. Studies on fruits harvested from different orchards, in different years, indicated that susceptibility to browning was increased by a high soil content of N, general high soil fertility and delayed maturation with poor coloration. Such fruits had loose layers of subepidermal cells. However, no fungal pathogens were detected in discolored tissue. The second type of disorder, black spotting on the skin, was shown to be associated with fungal infection. Spores (apparently of a member of the Deuteromycotina) were isolated from blackening fruits and induced typical black spots when inoculated on healthy tissue. The effects of 2 antioxidants, diphenylamine at 2000 p.p.m. and ethoxyquin at 2500 p.p.m., applied by vacuum infiltration were investigated on fruits treated on 21 Dec. before storage at 0 deg C for 14 weeks.
The fruits were packed in polyethylene bags. The percentage browning was reduced from 67.0 in controls to 20.0 with diphenylamine and 26.7 with ethoxyquin; the percentage of marketable fruits was 33.0, 46.7 and 40.0, respectively. In another trial, fruits were packed on 28 Nov. in polyethylene film (0.06 mm or 0.03 mm), in a controlled atmosphere (CA) in an acryl container (2% O2 + 5% CO2), or in polyethylene film (0.06 mm) + the preservative Purafil. They were stored at 0 deg for 14 weeks. The incidence and severity of browning were by far the highest in fruits packed in 0.03 mm polyethylene and lowest in an acryl container with CA.