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Evaluation of yeasts for biological control of Fusarium dry rot of potatoes

Schisler, D. A., Kurtzman, C. P., Bothast, R. J. and Slininger, P. J.

American Potato Journal Year: 1995 Vol: 72 Issue: 6 Pages: 339-353.

1995

บทคัดย่อ

Evaluation of yeasts for biological control of Fusarium dry rot of potatoes.

 

The impact of yeasts on dry rot of stored potato tubers caused by F. sambucinum [Gibberella pulicaris] and F. solani var. coeruleum was investigated. Initial biological control tests employed strains of 20 species of yeasts from the ARS Culture Collection (NRRL). Strain selection was based on strain isolation from plant matter or from environments that would indicate a high likelihood of strain survival in soil. The control potential of these and 29 additional strains isolated from soil adhering to recently harvested tubers was evaluated using a whole Russet Burbank tuber bioassay. At 2x106 cells/ml, only 2 unidentified strains and Cryptococcus laurentii strain NRRL Y-2536 reduced disease (P=0.05, P=0.10, respectively) while bacterial strain Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 (NRRL B-15132) was more effective (P=0.01). Conversely, Debaryomyces robertsiae increased disease (P=0.05). No yeast strains significantly controlled disease in a subsequent trial. One of six additional strains of C. laurentii (P

=0.10), none of 5 strains of Pichia farinosa and neither unidentified strain controlled disease at 5x107 cells/ml whereas P. fluorescens again reduced disease (P=0.01). After 6 h, 4 yeast strains decreased and 3 increased conidial germination of G. pulicaris R-6380 though there were no differences after 18 h. Five yeast strains, including 2 strains of C. laurentii (NRRL Y-2536, NRRL Y-7139) were marginally effective in controlling disease incited by F. solani var. coeruleum S-1257. It is concluded that although additional testing may identify yeast strains with considerable promise as biological control agents active against Fusarium dry rot, evidence to date indicates bacterial agents have a greater potential for commercial development.