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Evaluation of phosphine as a disinfestation treatment for some common insects in cut flowers

Chinthaka Karunaratne, Moore, G., Jones, R. and Ryan, R.

Proceedings of the Australasian postharvest horticulture conference 'Science and technology for the fresh food revolution', Melbourne, Australia, 18-22 September, 1995. Year: 1996 Pages: 359-366.

1996

บทคัดย่อ

Evaluation of phosphine as a disinfestation treatment for some common insects in cut flowers.

The toxicity of phosphine was tested at 24 deg C on adults of Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis and Myzus persicae, and larvae of Epiphyas postvittana. Thrips were exposed to phosphine concentrations ranging from 20-600 micro l/litre for 1 or 2 h. All thrips were killed within 18 h of exposure after a treatment of 300 micro l/litre phosphine for 2 h. Adult aphids and 5th-instar larvae of E. postvittana were more resistant and trials were conducted using higher phosphine concn (>500 micro l/litre) combined with atmospheric (0.035%) or elevated (33%) carbon dioxide. The most effective treatment was 1000 micro l/litre phosphine + 33% carbon dioxide for 4 h, which killed all aphids within 36 h of exposure. With atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, 97% of aphids were killed by 1000 micro l/litre phosphine within 36 h of exposure for 6 h, with 100% kill attained with 4000-8000 micro l/litre phosphine. Elevated carbon dioxide levels did not improve the efficacy of phosphine against tortricid larvae, however, a

s the optimal treatment was 2000 and 2500 micro l/litre phosphine for 4 or 6 h, which killed 96 or 100% of the larvae, resp., within 36 h of exposure, 4000 micro l/litre phosphine killed 74% larvae after 4 h, and 94% after 6 h exposure.