ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Morphological studies on the life span, developmental stages, senescence and death of fruit bodies of Agaricus bisporus.

Umar, M. H.; Griensven, L. J. L. D. van;

Mycological Research Year: 1997 Vol: 101 Issue: 12 Pages: 1409-1422 Ref: 10 ref.

1997

บทคัดย่อ

Fruit bodies of A. bisporus grown in a protected cultivation environment had a life span of 36 days. Morphological changes occurring in aging mushrooms are described. Signs of senescence became visible around day 18. Cytologically, karyolysis and focal cytoplasmolysis were the first signs of senescence, followed by indications of increased permeability of the cytoplasmic membranes and by structural changes of the cell wall. These changes result in extracellular aggregations of the lytic cell remains encapsulating or bridging the hyphal cells. Cells of the stipe tissues were transformed to empty cylinders or had irregularly collapsed. Most basidia and subhymenial cells remained alive even on day 36. When the mushrooms were cultivated according to usual growth procedures, about 50% of the fruit bodies were infected by Trichoderma harzianum and/or Pseudomonas tolaasii on day 18; all fruit bodies died on day 24 due to diffuse bacterial and mycotic infections manifesting themselves by tissue necrosis

 and discoloration of the caps and stipes. When none of the fruit bodies was harvested at the time of the first flush they soon formed a canopy of pilei and their growth ceased. Postharvest fruit bodies kept at ambient temperature or at 2 deg C at low RH, or at 20 deg at high RH, revealed diffuse cell wall destruction which was followed by cytoplasmic degeneration in due course. Fruit bodies kept refrigerated had the least gross and cell structural changes over a period of 7 days. It is concluded that the morphological changes occurring in harvested fruit bodies and in senescent fruit bodies of A. bisporus are different.