ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Biological control of mango anthracnose.

Chuang, T. Y.; Ann, P. J.;

Plant Protection Bulletin (Taipei) Year: 1997 Vol: 39 Issue: 3 Pages: 227-240 Ref: 31 ref.

1997

บทคัดย่อ

Antagonistic bacteria and yeasts were investigated for their ability to control mango anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata]) in the laboratory and field during 1993-96. Four antagonistic bacteria and 5 yeast isolates, including Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pichia ohmeri and Sporobolomyces sp., were individually assayed against G. cingulata by coinoculating the antagonist and pathogen in artificial wounds on mango fruits. The results showed that all the test antagonists inhibited lesion expansion of mango anthracnose significantly by reducing lesion size by an average of 20-45%. Of the 9 test antagonists, B. subtilis (Isolate Tp-Tu311), P. fluorescens (Isolate TN-S221) and P. ohmeri (Isolate Y24-8) consistently inhibited lesion expansion in 3 separate experiments. Isolate Y24-8 significantly increased fruit set when these 3 antagonistic isolates were sprayed onto mango inflorescences. Compared with fungicide (Bavistin [carbendazim] and Bavistin+oil) tre

atments, these antagonists also significantly reduced anthracnose development of ripening fruits after harvest when the fruit was sprayed with antagonists before bagging in field. Control of mango anthracnose by spraying antagonists and bagging was better than by spraying fungicides but not by bagging alone. Postharvest treatment of mango fruit with antagonists TN-S221, Tp-Tu311 and Y24-8 tended to decrease anthracnose development; Tp-Tu311 gave the best disease control. These 3 antagonists did not affect conidial germination or appressorial formation of the fungus, and only Tp-Tu311 inhibited mycelial growth. Swelling of germ tubes and appressoria occurred when Tp-Tu311 was added to a conidial suspension of the fungus. Many cells of Y24-8 were able to attach to spores and germ tubes of the pathogen.