Control of codling moth in organically-managed apple orchards by combining pheromone-mediated mating disruption, post-harvest fruit removal and tree banding.
Judd, G. J. R.; Gardiner, M. G. T.; Thomson, D. R.;
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Year: 1997 Vol: 83 Issue: 2 Pages: 137-146 Ref: 31 ref.
1997
บทคัดย่อ
An integrated programme of mating disruption with post-harvest removal of fruit and trapping overwintering larvae with cardboard tree bands, was used to control Cydia pomonella in 4 commercial organic apple orchards in Cawston, British Columbia, during 1989-92. One application of 1000 dispensers/ha on 1 May gave estimated seasonal totals of 16.6, 16.5 and 19.9 g of (8E,10E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol/ha in 1990, 1991 and 1992, resp., at median rates of 8.4, 8.3, and 13.3 mg/ha per h during dusk flight periods of the 1st brood, and 5.3, 4.7 and 4.6 mg/ha per h in the 2nd brood. Over this 3-year period, damage from C. pomonella at harvest was 0.08-2.4% (average <0.7%) in organic orchards, while damage in 5 conventional orchards, receiving sprays of azinphos-methyl, was 0.02-1.85% (average 0.5%). Damage in an experimental orchard that was banded only, was 43.5-56.7%. Between 1990 and 1992, cumulative male catches in traps baited with 10 mg of codlemone declined by 52% and densities of overwintering larva
e declined by an average of 49.5% in all organic orchards. Overwintering populations in the banded experimental orchard showed an increase of 57.7%. It is concluded that an integrated programme of mating disruption, postharvest fruit removal and tree banding, controlled C. pomonella sufficiently to make organic apple production viable in British Columbia.