ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Sanitary quality of wheat ear and grains.

Barchietto, T.; Seng, J. M.;

Phytoma Year: 1998 Issue: No. 511 Pages: 8-12 Ref: 12 ref.

1998

บทคัดย่อ

In 1997 and 1998, a microbiological survey of wheat was conducted in France, on several hundred samples of ears and grains. The study revealed a wide fungal diversity present on the surface of wheat ears and grain. Several saprophytes were frequently reported although none were toxinogenic (producing mycotoxins harmful to animals and men). Some species exhibit interesting antagonistic properties against pathogens. Among the pathogens detected, Botrytis spp. and Leptosphaeria nodorum, decrease yield and the germinal faculty of seeds, but they are not toxinogens. Others species which were potentially toxinogenic included Fusarium spp. (identified in most of the samples) and Microdochium nivale [Monographella nivalis] (in more than 20 % of the samples). Some of the secondary pathogens frequently detected in the ears and grains (Cladosporium spp., Alternaria spp., Epicoccum purpurascens [E. nigrum] and Rhizopus spp.), can produce mycotoxins in vitro, but their capacity to produce them in vivo is not

 known. The Penicillium spp. (postharvest pathogens detected in several samples) are also known as potent toxigenic fungi. For an efficient quality control, it would be better to specifically detect only the toxigenic fungi. Development of molecular tools such as DNA specific probes appear to be the most suitable technique to achieve this goal.