Effect of fruit bagging and mulching on control of mango fruit anthracnose disease.
Ann, P. J.; Lu, L. S.; Chuang, T. Y.; Kao, C. W.;
Plant Pathology Bulletin Year: 1998 Vol: 7 Issue: 1 Pages: 19-26 Ref: 20 ref.
1998
บทคัดย่อ
These experiments were conducted using mango cv. Irwin grown in orchards at Yujing, Tainan, Taiwan. During flowering and fruit enlargement, mango trees were sprayed with pesticides every 7-10 days. Fruits were sprayed with pesticides before bagging, and were not sprayed (or were only sprayed 1-2 times with insecticides) after bagging until harvest. Fruits at 80-90% maturity were harvested and treated with ethephon. Disease spots developing on fruits 9-12 days after treatment were recorded. Fruit-bagging at an early stage was the most effective method for control of mango anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata]. Disease incidence 12 days after ripening (DAR) was 0-5, 27 and 42% for fruits which had been bagged at fruit set, from the beginning of fruit drop, and from the end of fruit drop, respectively. Disease incidence for fruits bagged 2 weeks before harvest was 68%, and in controls (fruits were not bagged but were sprayed with fungicides during fruit
growth) disease incidence was 72%. The use of different bagging materials did not affect disease control, although it did affect fruit maturation, colour, and deg Brix. Fruit quality was best when fruits were bagged with white paper at an early stage. Fruits enveloped in white paper bags matured 5-7 days earlier, had higher sugar contents, and had no sunburn injury. The use of a soil mulch of spun-bonded polyester was also effective for anthracnose control. Disease incidence at 9 DAR was 6% when mulching was used, compared with 30% for controls. Although fruit-bagging was the best method tested for anthracnose control, spots still occurred on ripe, bagged mangoes when fungicides were not used. It is suggested that control of postharvest mango diseases with fungicides could be partially substituted with non-chemical methods. Fruit-bagging at an early stage and soil-surface mulching decreased the number of fungicides applications required in the field. These control measures also had an effect on mango stem e
nd rot disease caused by Botryodiplodia theobromae.