ศูนย์นวัตกรรมเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว

Role of fungi in the shattering of grape berries during storage.

Xu Ling; Kusakari, S. I.; Toyoda, H.; Ouchi, S.;

Bulletin of the Institute for Comprehensive Agricultural Sciences, Kinki University Year: 1999 Issue: No. 7 Pages: 97-106 Ref: 21 ref.

1999

บทคัดย่อ

Several species of fungi belonging to the genera Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Pestalotiopsis, Rhizopus and Stemphylium, were isolated from shattered berries of grape cultivars Kyoho, Muscat Bailey A and Delaware collected from grape orchards and markets. Inoculation experiments indicated that the major fungi involved in the shattering were B. cinerea, Alternaria sp. and R. stolonifer. Types of shattering were classified into physiological or decay shattering. The former was accompanied by the formation of an abscission layer at the bourrelet, while the latter was characterized by the remnant of the pericarp at the bourrelet. Ethylene treatment induced the abscission layer formation, while inoculation with B. cinerea mainly reproduced the decay shattering with an extensive growth of the fungus on inoculated berries. Concomitant treatment with ethylene and the fungal inoculation enhanced berry shattering, reaching 60% during 24 days of incubation. The results indicate that fungal infection

causes not only decay shattering, but also physiological shattering. Sprays of iprodione (500 micro g/ml) on grapes 65 days and 9 days before harvest markedly decreased berry shattering during storage at 5 deg C for 2 months. Similar protection of grapes was observed when harvested clusters were wrapped in SO2- generating paper sheets.