บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

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Evidence for the variation in susceptibility of bananas to wound anthracnose due to Colletotrichum musae and the influence of edaphic conditions

Chillet, M., Lapeyre de Bellaire, L. de, Dorel, M., Joas, J., Dubois, C., Marchal, J. and Perrier, X.

Scientia Horticulturae Year: 2000 Vol: 86 Issue: 1 Pages: 33-47.

2000

บทคัดย่อ

Evidence for the variation in susceptibility of bananas to wound anthracnose due to Colletotrichum musae and the influence of edaphic conditions.

A diagnostic survey was carried out during 1996 on 106 plots representative of all the soil/climatic conditions and techniques in Guadeloupe in order to assess the variability of banana susceptibility to the postharvest disease, wound anthracnose, caused by C. musae. Soil types included Andosols, Vertisols, and halloysitic and ferrallitic soils. Disease susceptibility was assessed by inoculating fruits on each plot at flowering, and then, at harvesting, 2 inoculated fruits from each sample were wounded and one of these was soaked in thizabendazole solution (500 ppm for 2 min) before storage at 13.5 deg C for 10 days followed by ripening at 21 deg C for 10 days. Lesion area after this 20-day period was measured. The effect of mineral nutrition on fruit susceptibility was analysed for the soil/climatic zone where the anthracnose problems are most serious. For this purpose, 54 plots on halloysitic and ferrallitic soils were chosen, with plots from all cultural situations included in the selection.

This study revealed a wide variation in the susceptibility of bananas to C. musae. Fruits from high-altitude plantations were the least susceptible. On low-altitude halloysitic and ferrallitic soils, where the most variability was observed, a relationship was found between the Mn content of fruit and susceptibility to anthracnose. Plants producing the most susceptible fruit had high foliar Mn concentrations and low Ca concentrations, and had been grown on acid soils. Treatment with thiabendazole increased fruit susceptibility which was characterized by larger lesion area compared to untreated fruits (145-215 vs. 699-856 mm2).Hypotheses for the physiological mechanisms involved in the sensitization of the fruit to anthracnose are discussed.