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Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the senescence reaction of short-term stored spring cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata).

Mareczek, A.; Leja, M.; Rozek, S.;

Folia Horticulturae Year: 2000 Vol: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 11-20 Ref: 22 ref.

2000

บทคัดย่อ

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the senescence reaction of short-term stored spring cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata).

Postharvest ethylene biosynthesis and its effect on the activity of peroxidase and cell membrane permeability as affected by the form of nitrogen applied during plant fertilization was evaluated. Spring cabbage cv. Erma F1, grown in a foil tunnel in 1994 and 1995 was treated with N (NO3minus (potassium nitrate), NH4+ (ammonium sulfate) or urea) at 180 kg/ha. The cabbage heads were stored for 4 days at 20 deg C or for 14 days at 5 deg C. Ethylene production was lower in cabbage heads after storage at 5 and 20 deg C than at harvest. In 1994, ACC oxidase activity decreased considerably after one day of storage at 20 deg C and continued decreasing throughout storage, whereas at 5 deg C, ACC oxidase activity decreased after one day of storage and remained constant thereafter. In 1994, ethylene production was highest in cabbages supplied with potassium nitrate and lowest in cabbages supplied with urea whereas the highest ACC oxidase activity was observed with the urea treatment. In 1995, ACC oxidase a

ctivity decreased after one day of storage at room temperature and remained constant during the subsequent storage period. Prolonged storage at 5 deg C caused an increase in ACC oxidase activity in leaves. In 1995, ethylene production was higher in cabbages supplied with ammonium sulfate and urea, while ACC oxidase activity was highest with the urea treatment. Mean head weight was 1.43 and 0.94 kg in 1994 and 1995, respectively, while the length of the growing period was similar for both years. Ion leakage from the leaves decreased after one day of storage at 20 and 5 deg C in all treatments in 1995 but only in the potassium nitrate treatment in 1994. Significantincreases in ion leakage were observed only in 1994, after7 and 14 days of cold storage. At harvest in both years, potassium nitrate treated leaves had higher ion leakage than the other N treatments. Storage at 20 and 5 deg C induced a rapid increase in peroxidase (POD) activity. In both years, POD activity at harvest was highest in cabbages supplied

 with ammonium sulfate..