Developing a quality assurance system for fresh produce in Thailand.
Tongdee, S. C.;
Postharvest handling of fresh vegetables. Proceedings of a workshop held in Beijing, China, 9-11 May 2001
2001
บทคัดย่อ
Implementation of a quality management system leads to an increase in consumer satisfaction and market opportunities. For the fresh produce industry, the decision on the types of quality systems to be used is not always apparent. Understanding the management principles, the implications of international management standards and requirements, and their adoption and adaptation for the fresh produce industry in developing conditions poses an exciting challenge. Examples of quality management system options for horticultural crops include 'good agricultural (or manufacturing) practice' (GAP or GMP), 'hazard analysis and critical control point' (HACCP), ISO 9000, and ISO 14001. These quality management systems emphasise 'process push'. There is a tendency to stick to procedures, whereas core activities vital to the fresh produce industry, such as leadership and strategic planning, that are ever changing, and supplier/customer management that is 'relationship push', are often neglected. The business of 'risk management' is also unique to the fresh produce industry. The quality of fresh produce cannot be achieved by a single system in a single step in a production or packinghouse operation. Each sector should have its own quality management plan determined by what each one wants out of the quality system. Against this background, the 'Quality Fruit System 2002' (QFS 2002) was developed. QFS 2002 focuses on helping the horticultural export industry to achieve a valid framework for a quality management system for horticultural crops that meets the international norms while at the same time being feasible under developing conditions. The underlying concept of the system essentially is based on the analytical tool of the 'plan-do-check-act' (PDCA) cycle while working in a total quality management environment. QFS 2002 is presented in a tabulated form. The system describes four elements of requirements and suggests operational details. The requirements allow auditing of the system. The main items of quality documentation are the quality plans. As growers and packinghouse operators are increasingly familiar with the management principles and at ease with the PDCA cycle, they can use the system for other crops or for broader business improvement. A training manual containing eight training modules has been prepared in anticipation of increasing quality assurance activities in the export of agricultural products. The practical training material is presented in graphic form as standardized instruction materials to be used as introductory training in quality assurance.