บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

หมวดหมู่ : ฐานข้อมูลงานวิจัย

Molecular and genetic regulation of sensory quality of climacteric fruit.

Pech J., El-Sharkawy I., Flores F., Manriqrez D., Latche A.

5th International Postharvest Symposium . Volume of Abstract . Verona, Italy 6-11 June 2004, p.64

2004

บทคัดย่อ

Molecular and genetic regulation of sensory quality of climacteric fruit.  The sensory quality of fruit has become a major criterion in making the purchasing decision by consumers.Breeding programmers have mainly been directed, from the postharvest stand point, towards improving shelf-life, but this has generally been accompanied by a loss of flavor.Because the plant hormone ethylene plays a central role in both storability and ripening of climacteric fruit, the generation by biotechnology of ethylene-inhibited fruit has offered a powerful tool to better understand, at the molecular genetic level, the inter-relations between storability and sensory quality.

In the melon, inhibition of ethylene synthesis results is a strong inhibition of the synthesis of aroma volatiles while the accumulation of sugars is not affected or is even improved.The softening of the flesh is strongly affected but not abolished.Mid or long shelf-life melons generated by classical breeding present the same behaviour.The generation of near isogenic lines by crossing a typical climacteric melon (Cantaloup Charentais of the cantalupensis group) with a non climacteric melon (PI161375 of the agrestic chinensis group) allowed to demonstrate that the climacteric character is conferred by 2 duplicated loci o­nly, which are of great importance in for the regulation of storability and sensory quality.

Due to the importance of aroma volatiles in sensory quality and to the strong negative correlation between aroma production and ethylene synthesis, we have developed a research program aimed at isolating genes involved in the synthesis of aroma volatiles.We will report o­n the recent advances in the field with special emphasis o­n the characterization of genes responsible for the synthesis of esters, a family of compounds crucial for the flavour of many fruit.