บทคัดย่องานวิจัย

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Molecular control of fruit ripening and sensory quality of Charentais melon.

J.C. Pech and A. Latche

Book of Abstract. 7th Australian Melon Conference, 13th – 16th September 2005, Jupiters Hotel and Casino, Townsville, in conjunction with 3rd International Cucurbit Symposium. Page 24

2005

บทคัดย่อ

Molecular control of fruit ripening and sensory quality of Charentais melon. The sensory quality of fruit, including melon, has become a major criterion in making the purchasing decision by consumers. Breeding programs have mainly been directed, from the post-harvest stand point, towards improving shelf-life.

Traditional Charentais melons have a typical climacteric behavior with ethylene playing a major role in the regulation of the ripening process. The generation of recombinant inbred lines by crossing a typical Cantaloupe Charentais melon (cv Vedrantais) with a non climacteric melon (PI161375 of the Agrestis chinensis group)allowed to demonstrate that the climacteric character is conferred by 2 duplicated locionly (Perin et al., Plant Physiol. 2002, 129:300 ) which are of great importance for the regulation of storability and sensory quality.

Commercial varieties of Charentais melon with long or mid shelf-life have been generated using a non-ripening Charentais genotype (Vauclusien). The introduction of the long shelf-life character resulted in undesirable loss of aroma volatiles . production (Aubert et al., J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004, 52:4522). The inhibition of ethylene synthesis by knocking-down ACC oxidase gene expression has been achieved in Charentais melon (Ayub et al., Nature Biotechnol. 1996, 14:862). It results is a strong inhibition of the synthesis of aroma volatiles (Bauchot et al., J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998, 46:4787) while the accumulation of sugars is not affected or is even improved . The softening of the flesh is strongly affected but not abolished (Flores et al., Physiol. Plant. 113:128). It was also demonstrated that ethylene ­inhibited fruit exhibited better resistance to chilling injury (Ben Amor et al., Plant Cell and Environment, 1999, 22:1579).

Due to the importance of aroma volatiles in sensory quality and to the strong negative correlation between aroma production and ethylene synthesis, we have developed a research program aimed at isolating genes involved in the synthesis of aroma volatiles (Yahyaoui et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 2002, 269:2359). We will report o­n the recent advances in the field with special emphasis o­n the characterization of a family of genes responsible for the synthesis of esters, compounds that are essential for the flavor of Cantaloupe melons.